Guided Imagery Research Articles

(2006 Update)

Addolorato G, Ancona C, Capristo E, Graziosetto R, Di Rienzo L, Maurizi M, Gasbarrini G. State and trait anxiety in women affected by allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. J Psychosom Res. 1999 46(3):283-9.

Ahijevych K, Yerardi R, Nedilsky N. Descriptive outcomes of the American Lung Association of Ohio hypnotherapy smoking cessation program. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. 2000 Oct; 48 (4):374-87.

Ai AL, Bolling SF. The use of complementary and alternative therapies among middle-aged and older cardiac patients. Am J Med Qual. 2002 Jan-Feb;17(1):21-7.

Aitken JR, Benson JW. The use of relaxation/desensitization in treating anxiety associated with flying. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 Mar 55(3):196-9.

Almeida NA, de Sousa JT, Bachion MM, Silveira Nde A. [The use of respiration and relaxation techniques for pain and anxiety relief in the parturition process] [Article in Portuguese] Ret Lat Am Enfermagem. 2005 Jan-Feb;13(1):52-8. Epub 2005 Mar 3.

Amodei N, Nelson RO, Jarrett RB, Sigmon S. Psychological treatments of dysmenorrhea: differential effectiveness for spasmodics and congestives. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry, 1987 Jun;18(2):95-103.

Anbar RD. Hypnosis in pediatrics: applications at a pediatric pulmonary center. BMC Pediatr. 2002 Dec 3;2(1):11.

Anbar RD. Self-hypnosis for management of chronic dyspnea in pediatric patients. Pediatrics. 2001 Feb;107(2):E21.

Anbar RD, Hummell KE. Teamwork approach to clinical hypnosis at a pediatric pulmonary center. Am J Clin Hypn. 2005 Jul;48(1):45-9.

Anbar RD, Slowthower MP. Hypnosis for treatment of insomnia in school-age children: a retrospective chart review. BMC Pediatr. 2006 Aug 16;6(1):23 [Epub ahead of print].

Anderson MS. Hypnotizability as a factor in the hypnotic treatment of obesity. Int J of Clin and Exp Hyp. 1985 33:150-59.

Andrasik F. Psychologic and behavioral aspects of chronic headache. Neurol Clin. 1990 Nov;8(4):961-76.

Antall GF, Kresevic D. The use of guided imagery to manage pain in an elderly orthopaedic population. Orthop Nurs. 2004 Sep-Oct;23(5):335-40.

Appels A, Bar F, Lasker J, Flamm U, Kop W. The effect of a psychological intervention program on the risk of a new coronary event after angioplasty: a feasibility study. J Psychosom Res. 1997 Aug;43(2):209-17.
Arsham G, Lowe G. Diabetes: A Guide to Living Well, 3rd Edition. Chronimed Publishing. Minneapolis: 1997.

Ashton C Jr, Whitworth GC, Seldomridge JA, Shapiro PA, Weinberg AD, Michler RE, Smith CR, Rose EA, Fisher S, Oz MC. Self-hypnosis reduces anxiety following coronary artery bypass surgery. A prospective, randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1997 Feb;38(1):69-75.

Astin A. Mind-body therapies for the management of pain. Clin J Pain. 2004 Jan-Feb;20(1):27-32.

Astin JA, Beckner W, Soeken K, Hochberg MC, Berman B. Psychological interventions for rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Jun 15;47(3):291-302.

Astin JA, Shapiro SL, Eisenberg, DM, Forys KL. Mind-body medicine: state of the science, implications for practice. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2003 Mar-Apr;16(2):131-47.

Atlas SJ, Deyo RA. Evaluating and managing acute low back pain in the primary care setting. J Gen Intern Med. 2001 16:120–31.

Backhaus J, Hohagen F, Voderholzer U, Riemann D. Long-term effectiveness of a short-term cognitive-behavioral group treatment for primary insomnia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001 251(1): 35-41.

Baglini R, Sesana M, Capuano C, Gnecchi-Ruscone T, Ugo L, Danzi GB. Effect of hypnotic sedation during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on myocardial ischemia and cardiac sympathetic drive. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Apr 15;93(8):1035-8.

Baird CL, Sands L. A pilot study of the effectiveness of guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation to reduce chronic pain and mobility difficulties of osteoarthritis. Pain Manag Nurs. 2004 Sept;5(3):97-104.
Baird CL, Sands LP. Effect of guided imagery with relaxation on health-related quality of life in older women with osteoarthritis. Res Nurs Health. 2006 Oct;29(5):442-51.

Bairey CN, Krantz DS, Rozanski A. Mental stress as an acute trigger of ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and blood pressure elevation in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1990 Nov 6;66(16):28G-31G.

Bakke AC, Purtzer MZ, Newton P. The effect of hypnotic-guided imagery on psychological well-being and immune function in patients with prior breast cancer. J Psychosom Res. 2002 Dec;53(6):1131-7.

Ball TM, Shapiro DE, Monheim CJ, Weydert JA A pilot study of the use of guided imagery for the treatment of recurrent abdominal pain in children. Clinical Pediatrics (Phila). 2003 Jul-Aug;42(6): pp.527-32.

Bampton P, Draper B. Effect of relaxation music on patient tolerance of gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 1997 343-5.

Bar-Mor G. Preparation of Children for Surgery and Invasive Procedures: Milestones on the Way to Success. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 1997 12(4) 252-255.

Barabasz A, Barabasz M. Effects of tailored and manualized hypnotic inductions for complicated irritable bowel syndrome patients. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. 2006 Jan; 54 (1):100-12.

Barabasz M, Spiegel D. Hypnotizability and weight loss in obese subjects. Int J of Eating Disorders. 1989 8(3):335-41.

Barefoot JC, Brummett BH, Helms MJ, Mark DB, Siegler IC, Williams RB. Depressive Symptoms and Survival of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine. 2000 Nov-Dec; 62(6): pp790-5.

Barnes VA, Davis HC, Murzynowski JB, Treiber FA. Impact of meditation on resting and ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in youth. Psychosom Med. 2004 Nov-Dec;66(6):909-14.

Barnes VA, Treiber FA, Johnson MH. Impact of transcendental meditation on ambulatory blood pressure in African-American adolescents. Am J Hypertens. 2004 Apr;17(4):366-9.

Barrett PM. Evaluation of cognitive-behavioral group treatments for childhood anxiety disorder. J Clin Child Psychol.1998 Dec;27(4) :459-68.

Barrett PM, Duffy AL, Dadds MR, Rapee RM. Cognitive-behavioral treatment of anxiety disorders in children: long-term (6-year) follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2001 Feb; 69 (1): pp. 135-41.

Barrowclough C, King P, Colville J, Russell E, Burns A, Tarrier N. A randomized trial of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and supportive counseling for anxiety symptoms in older adults. J Concult Clin Psychol. 2001 Oct;69(5):756-62.

Barrows KA, Jacobs BP. Mind-body medicine. An introduction and review of the literature. Med Clin North Am. 2002 Jan;86(1): 11-31.

Basco MR, Glickman M, Weatherford P, Ryser N. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders: why and how it works. Bull Menninger Clin. 2000 Summer;64(3 Suppl A) :A52-70.

Basler HD, Jakle C, Kroner-Herwig B. Incorporation of cognitive-behavioral treatment into the medical care of chronic low back patients: a controlled randomized study in German pain treatment centers. Patient Education and Counseling. 1997 Jun; 31 (2):113-24.

Bastani F, Hidarnia A, Kazemnejad A, Vafaei M, Kashanian M. A randomized controlled trial of the effects of applied relaxation training on reducing anxiety and perceived stress in pregnant women. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2005 Jul-Aug;50(4):e36-40.

Bastani F, Hidarnia A, Montgomery KS, Aguilar-Vafaei ME, Kazemnejad A. Does relaxation education in anxious primigravid Iranian women influence adverse pregnancy outcomes?: a randomized controlled trial. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2006 Apr-Jun;20(2):138-46.

Bebbensleben B, Rohde H. [Anxiety before gastrointestinal endoscopy – a significant problem?] Deutsch Med Wochenschr 1990 115:1539-44.

Bennett HL. A comparison of audiotaped preparations for surgery: evaluation and outcomes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 1996. Tampa, FL.

Bennett HL, Benson DR, Kuiken, DA. Preoperative instructions for decreased bleeding during spine surgery. Anesthesiology. 1986 65:A245.

Bennett R, Nelson D. Cognitive behavioral therapy for fibromyalgia. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2006 Aug;2(8):416-24.

Benson H, Frankel FH, Apfel R, Daniels MD, Schniewind HE, Nemiah JC, Sifneos PE, Crassweller KD, Greenwood MM, Kotch JB, Arns PA, Rosner B. Treatment of anxiety: a comparison of the usefulness of self-hypnosis and a meditational relaxation technique. An overview. Psychother Psychosom.1978 30(3-4):229-42.

Berman BM, Singh BB, Lao L, Langenberg P, Li H, Hadhazy V, Bareta J, Hochberg M. A randomized trial of acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy in osteoarthritis of the knee. Rheumatology. (Oxford) 1999 Apr; 38(4):346-54.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Complementary Medicine Treatments for Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 1999 Sep;13(3) :487-92.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Establishing a Research Agenda for Investigating Alternative Medical Interventions for Chronic Pain. Primary Care. 1997 Dec;24(4):743-58.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Complementary Medicine Treatments for Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatology. 1999 Sep;13(3):487-92.

Bernard AL, Prince A, Edsall P. Quality of Life Issues for Fibromyalgia Patients. Arthritis Care Res. 2000 Feb;13(1):42-50.

Bernardi L, Porta C, Spicuzza L, Sleight P. Cardiorespiratory interactions to external stimuli. Arch Ital Biol. 2005 Sep;143(3-4):215-21.

Bertoni F, Bonardi A, Magno L, Mandracchia S, Martinelli L, Terraneo F, Tonoli S. Hypnosis instead of general anaesthesia in paediatric radiotherapy: report of three cases. Radiother Oncol. 1999 Aug;52(2):185-90.

Bijlani RL, Vempati RP, Yadav RK, Ray RB, Gupta V, Sharma R, Mehta N, Mahapatra SC. A brief but comprehensive lifestyle education program based on yoga reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Apr;11(2):267-74.

Bingol Karakoc G, Yilmaz M, Sur S, Ufuk Altintas D, Sarpel T, Guneter Kendirli S. The effects of daily pulmonary rehabilitation program at home on childhood asthma. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2000 Jan-Feb;28(1):12-4.

Biondi DM. Noninvasive treatments for headache. Expert Reviews in Neurotherapy. 2005 May; 5 (3):355-62.

Blanchard EB, Andrasik F, Appelbaum KA, Evans DD, Myers P, Barron KD. Three studies of the psychologic changes in chronic headache patients associated with biofeedback and relaxation therapies. Psychosom Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;48(1-2):73-83.

Blanchard EB, Greene B, Scharff L, Schwarz-McMorris SP. Relaxation training as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. Biofeedback and Self Regulation. 1993 Sep, 18(3):125-32.

Blanchard EB, Jaccard J, Andrasik F, Guarnieri P, Jurish SE. Reduction in headache patients' medical expenses associated with biofeedback and relaxation treatments. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1985 Mar;10(1):63-8.

Bloomberg GR, Chen E. The relationship of psychologic stress with childhood asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2005 Feb;25(1):83-105.

Bolocosky DN, Spinler D, Coulthard-Morris L. Effectiveness of hypnosis as an adjunct to behavioral weight management. J Clin Psychol. 1985 Jan; 41(1):35-41.

Boltwood MD, Taylor CB, Burke MB, Grogin H, Giacomini J. Anger report predicts coronary artery vasomotor response to mental stress in atherosclerotic segments. Am J Cardiol. 1993 72:1361-1365.

Borkoved TD, Ruscio AM. Psychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001 62 Suppl 11:37-42; discussion 43-5.

Braet C, Tanghe A, Decaluwé V, Moens E, Rosseel Y. Inpatient treatment for children with obesity: weight loss, psychological well-being, and eating behavior. J Pediatr Psychol. 2004;Oct;29(7):519-29.

Braet C, Van Winckel M, Van Leeuwen K. Follow-up results of different treatment programs for obese children. Acta Paediatr. 1997;Apr;86(4):397-402.

Bresler, DE. (2001) “Depression as Emotional Pain: A Mind Body Approach.” In Strohecker J and N Strohecker, Awaken Your Energy for Life. New York: Perigree Press.

Brewer, Earl MD, and Kathy Cochran Angel. (1998). The Arthritis Sourcebook. NTC Contemporary Publishing Group: Chicago, IL.

Brewer SL, Lausat CS. Preparing Children for Same Day Surgery – Innovative Approaches. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 1997 12(4) 257-9.

Bridge LR, Benson P, Pietroni PC, Priest RG. Relaxation and imagery in the treatment of breast cancer. BMJ. 1988 Nov 5;297(6657):1169-72.

Brown RP, Gerbarg, PL. Sudarshan Kriya Yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression. Part I – neurophysiologic model. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Aug;11(2):383-4.

Brown RP, Gerbarg, PL. Sudarshan Kriya Yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression. Part II – clinical applications and guidelines. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Aug;11(4):711-7.

Bryant RA, Moulds ML, Guthrie RM, Nixon RD. The additive benefit of hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating acute stress disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Apr;73(2):334-40.

Buckelew SP, Conway R, Parker J, Deuser WE, Read J, Witty TE, Hewett JE, Minor M, Johnson JC, Van Male L, McIntosh MJ, Nigh M, Kay DR. Biofeedback/ Relaxation Training and Exercise Interventions for Fibromyalgia: A Prospective Trial. Arthritis Care Res. 1998 Jun;11(3): 196-209.

Buckelew SP, Huyser B, Hewett JE, Parker JC, Johnson JC, Conway R, Kay DR. Self-efficacy Predicting Outcome Among Fibromyalgia Subjects. Arthritis Care Res. 1996 Apr;9(2): 97-104.

Burns DS. The effect of the bonny method of guided imagery and music on the mood and life quality of cancer patients. J Music Ther. 2001 Spring;38(1):51-65.

Butler G, Fennell M, Robson P, Gelder M. Comparison of behavior therapy and cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. J Consult Clin Psycol. 1991 Feb;59(1) :167-75.

Butler LD, Symons BK, Henderson SL, Shortliffe LD, Spiegel D. Hypnosis reduces distress and duration of an invasive medical procedure for children. Pediatrics. 2005 Jan;115(1):e77-85.


Cadranel JF, Benhamou Y, Zylberberg P, Novello P, Luciani F, Valla D, Opolon P. Hypnotic relaxation: a new sedative tool for colonoscopy? Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 1994 18:127-9.

Cannici J, Malcolm R, Peek LA. Treatment of insomnia in cancer patients using muscle relaxation training. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1983 Sep;14(3): 251-6.

Carlsson SG, Linde A, Ohman A. Reduction of tension in fearful dental patients. J Am Dent Assoc. 1980 Oct;101(4):638-41.

Carroll D, Seers K. Relaxation for the Relief of Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. Journal Adv Nursing. 1998 Mar;27(3):476-87.

Carson JW, Keefe FJ, Lynch TR, Carson KM, Goli V, Fras AM, Thorp SR. Loving-kindness meditation for chronic low back pain: results from a pilot trial. J Holist Nurs. 2005 Sep;23(3):287-304; discussion 305-9.

Caruso P. A Comparison of Guided Imagery Techniques with Chemotherapy Patients. Doctoral Dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology, Alameda, California 1999.

Castel A, Perez M, Sala J, Padrol A, Rull M. Effect of hypnotic suggestion on fibromyalgic pain: Comparison between hypnosis and relaxation. Eur J Pain. 2006 Aug 2; [Epub ahead of print]

Castes M, Hagel I, Palenque M, Canelones P, Corao A, Lynch NR. Immunological changes associated with clinical improvement of asthmatic children subjected to psychosocial intervention. Brain Behav Immun. 1999. Mar;13(1):1-13.

Castillo-Richmond A, Schneider RH, Alexander CN, Cook R, Myers H, Nidich S, Haney C, Rainforth M, Salerno J. Effects of stress reduction on carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive African Americans. Stroke. 2000 Mar;31(3):568-73.

Cataldo PA. Colonoscopy without sedation. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 1996; 3:257-61.

Chan CH, Ng EH, Cha CL, Ho, Chan TH. Effectiveness of psychosocial group intervention for reducing anxiety in women undergoing in vitro fertilization: a randomized controlled study. Fertil Steril. 2006 Feb;85(2):339-46.

Chang BH, Hendricks A, Zhao Y, Rothendler JA, LoCastro JS, Slawsky MT. A relaxation response randomized trial on patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of Cardiopulmonology and Rehabilitation. 2005 May-Jun; 25 (3): 149-57.

Chernoff RG, Ireys HT, DeVet KA, Kim YJ. A randomized, controlled trial of a community-based support program for families of children with chronic illness: pediatric outcomes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002 Jun;156(6):533-9.

Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Korten A. Web-based cognitive behavior therapy: analysis of site usage and changes in depression and anxiety scores. J Med Internet Res. 2002 Jan-Mar;4(1):e3.

Christman NJ, Cain LB. The effects of concrete objective information and relaxation on maintaining usual activity during radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004 Mar-Apr;31(2):E39-45.

Clark ME, Hirschman R. Effects of paced respiration on anxiety reduction in a clinical population. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1990 Sep;15(3):273-84.

Cochrane G, Friesen J. Hypnotherapy in weight loss treatment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1986;54:489-92.

Colletti G, Supnick JA, Rizzo AA. Long-term follow-up (3-4 years) of treatment for smoking reduction. Addict Behav. 1982;7(4):429-33.

Collison DR. Which asthmatic patients should be treated by hypnotherapy? Med J Aust. 1975;1:776-781.

Cowan GS Jr, Buffington CK, Cowan GS 3rd, Hathaway D. Assessment of the effects of taped cognitive behavior message on postoperative complications (therapeutic suggestions under anesthesia. Obes Surg. 2001 Oct;11(5):589-93.

Craske MG, Golinelli D, Stein MB, Roy-Byrne P, Bystritsky A, Sherbourne C. Does the addition of cognitive behavioral therapy improve panic disorder treatment outcome relative to medication alone in the primary-care setting? Psychological Medicine. 2005 Nov;35 (11): pp. 1645-54.

Crowther JH. Stress management training and relaxation imagery in the treatment of essential hypertension. J Behav Med. 1983 Jun;6(2):169-87.

Cruess S, Antoni M, Cruess D Fletcher MA, Ironson G, Kumar M, Lutgendorf S, Hayes A, Klimas N, Schneiderman N. Reductions in herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody titers after cognitive behavioral stress management and relationships with neuroendocrine function, relaxation skills, and social support in HIV-positive men. Psychosom Med. 2000 Nov-Dec;62(6):828-37.

Cruess DG, Antoni MH, McGregor BA, Kilbourn KM, Boyers AE, Alferi SM, Carver CS, Kumar M. Cognitive-behavioral stress management reduces serum cortisol by enhancing benefit finding among women being treated for early stage breast cancer. Psychosom Med. 2000 May-Jun;62(3):304-8.

Cyna AM, McAuliffe GI, Andrew MI. Hypnosis for pain relief in labour and childbirth: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth. 2004. Oct;93(4):505-11. Epub 2004 Jul 26.

Daake DA, Gueldner SH. Imagery, instruction and the control of post surgical pain. Applied Nursing Research. 1989 2 114-120.

Dalle Grave R, Todesco T, Banderali A, Guardini S. Cognitive-behavioural guided self-help for obesity: a preliminary research. Eat Weight Disord. 2004; Mar;9(1):69-76.

Dashevsky BA, Kramer M. Behavioral treatment of chronic insomnia in psychiatrically ill patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998 Dec; 59(12): 693-9.

Davidson GP, Farnbach RW, Richardson BA. Self-hypnosis training in anxiety reduction. Aust Fam Physician. 1978 Jul;7(7) :905-10.

Degotardi PJ, Klass ES, Rosenberg BS, Fox DG, Gallelli KA, Gottlieb BS. Development and Evaluation of a Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Juvenile Fibromyalgia. J Pediatr Psychol. 2005 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]

Deng G, Cassileth BR. Integrative oncology: complementary therapies for pain, anxiety, and mood disturbances. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Mar-Apr;55(2):109-16.

Devine EC. Meta-analysis of the effect of psychoeducational interventions on pain in adults with cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2003 Jan-Feb;30(1):75-89.

Devineni T, Blanchard EB. A randomized controlled trial of an internet-based treatment for chronic headache, Behav Res Ther. 2005 Mar;43(3)277-92.

Devlin MJ, Goldfein JA, Petkova E, Jiang H, Raizman PS, Wolk S, Mayer L, Carino J, Bellace D, Kamenetz C, Dobrow I, Walsh BT. Cognitive behavioral therapy and fluoxetine as adjuncts to group behavioral therapy for binge eating disorder. Obes Res. 2005;Jun;13(6):1077-88.

Diette GB, Lechtzin N, Haponik E, Devrotes A, Rubin HR. Distraction Therapy With Nature Sights and Sounds Reduces Pain During Flexible Bronchoscopy. A Complementary Approach to Routine Analgesia. Chest. 2003 23:941-948.

Disbrow EA, Bennett HL, Owings JT. Effect of preoperative suggestion on postoperative gastrointestinal modility. West J Med. 1993 May;158(5);488-92.

Dornelas EA, Wylie-Rosett J, Swencionis C. The DIET study: long-term outcomes of a cognitive-behavioral weight-control intervention in independent-living elders. Dietary Intervention: Evaluation Technology. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998 Nov;98(11):1276-1281.

Dreher H. Mind-body interventions for surgery: evidence and exigency. Advances in Mind-Body Medicine. 1998. 14:207-222.

Drum D. (1999) The Chronic Pain Management Sourcebook. New York: McGraw-Hill/Contemporary Books.

Edinger JD, Wohlgemuth WK, Radtke RA, Marsh GR, Quillian RE. Does cognitive-behavioral insomnia therapy alter dysfunctional beliefs about sleep? Sleep. 2001 Aug 1;24(5): 591-9.

Edinger JD, Wohlgemuth WK, Radtke RA, Marsh GR, Quillian RE. Cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment of chronic primary insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001 Apr 11;285(14): 1856-64.

Eitner S, Schultze-Mosgau S, Heckmann J, Wichmann M, Holst S. Changes in neurophysiologic parameters in a patient with dental anxiety by hypnosis during surgical treatment. J Oral Rehabil. 2006 Jul;33(7):496-500.

Eitner S, Wichmann M, Holst S. A long-term therapeutic treatment for patients with a severe gag reflex. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2005 Jan;53(1):74-86.

Elkins GR, Rajab MH. Clinical hypnosis for smoking cessation: preliminary results of a three-session intervention. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2004 Jan;52(1):73-81.

Engle-Friedman M, Bootzin RR, Hazlewood L, Tsao C. An evaluation of behavioral treatments for insomnia in the older adult. J Clin Psychol. 1992 Jan;48(1): 77-90.

Enqvist B, Fischer K. Preoperative hypnotic techniques reduce consumption of analgesics after surgical removal of third mandibular molars: a brief communication. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1997 Apr;45(2):102-8.

Enqvist B, von Konow L, Bystedt H. Pre- and perioperative suggestion in maxillofacial surgery: effects on blood loss and recovery. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1995 Jul;43(3):284-94.

Eppley KR, Abrams AI, Shear J. Differential effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol. 1989 Nov;45(6) :957-74.

Espie CA, Inglis SJ, Harvey L. Predicting clinically significant response to cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia in general medical practice: analysis of outcome data as 12 months posttreatment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2001 Feb;69(1): 58-66.

Esplen MJ, Garfinkel PE, Olmsted M, Gallop RM, Kennedy S. A randomized controlled trial of guided imagery in bulimia nervosa. Psychol Med 1998 Nov;28(6):1347-57.

Ewer TC, Stewart DE. Improvement in bronchial hyper-responsiveness in patients with moderate asthma after treatment with a hypnotic technique: a randomized controlled trial. British Medical Journal.1986 Nov 1; 293(6555) 1129-32.

Fava GA, Ruini C, Rafanelli C, Finos L, Conti S, Grandi S. Six-year outcome of cognitive behavior therapy for prevention of recurrent depression. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004 Oct; 161 (10):1872-6.

Faymonville ME, Fissette J, Mambourg PH, Roediger L, Joris J, Lamy M. Hypnosis as adjunct therapy in conscious sedation for plastic surgery. Reg. Anesth. 1995 Mar-Apr;20(2):145-51.

Feinglos MN, Hastedt P, Surwit RS. Effects of relaxation therapy on patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1987. Jan-Feb;10(1):72-5.

Finkelstein EA, Fiebelkorn IC, Wang G. State-level estimates of annual medical expenditures attributable to obesity. Obes Res. 2004;Jan;12(1):18-24.

Fick LJ, Lang EV, Logan HL, Lutgendorf S, Benotsch EG. Imagery content during nonpharmacologic analgesia in the procedure suite: where your patients would rather be. Acad Radiol. 1999 Aug;6(8):457-63.

Field T, Henteleff T, Hernandez-Reif M, Martinez E, Mavunda K, Kuhn C, Schanberg S. Children with asthma have improved pulmonary functions after massage therapy. J Pediatr.1998 May;1.

Finch AE, Lambert MJ Brown GJ. Attacking anxiety: a naturalistic study of a multimedia self-help program. J Clin Psychol. 2000 Jan;56(1) :11-21.

Finucane A, Mercer SW. An exploratory mixed methods study of the acceptability and effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for patients with active depression and anxiety in primary care. BMC Psychiatry. 2006 Apr 7;6:14.

Fontana GP. Acupuncture, Massage, Guided Imagery Ease Pain After Bypass Surgery. News release, Westport, Conn: Reuters Health Information, June 9. 2000 p1-2.

Forbes A, MacAulay, S, Chiotakakou-Faliakou, E. Hypnotherapy and therapeutic audiotape: effective in previously unsuccessfully treated irritable bowel syndrome? Int. J. Colorectal Dis. 2000 Nov:15(5-6):328-34.

Fossati M, Amati F, Painot D, Reiner M, Haenni C, Golay A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy with simultaneous nutritional and physical activity education in obese patients with binge eating disorder. Eat Weight Disord. 2004;Jun;9(2):134-8.

Fox PA, Henderson DC, Barton SE, Champion AJ, Rollin MS, Catalan J, McCormack SM, Gruzelier J. Immunological markers of frequently recurrent genital herpes simplex virus and their response to hypnotherapy: a pilot study. Int J STD AIDS. 1994 Nov;10(11):730-4.

Francis CY, Houghton LA. Use of hypnotherapy in gastrointestinal disorders. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 1996 Jun, 8(6):525-9.

Fratianne RB, Prensner JD, Huston MJ, Super DM, Yowler CJ, Standley JM.

The effect of music-based imagery and musical alternate engagement on the burn debridement process. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2001 Jan-Feb;22(1):47-53.

Freeman LW, Welton D. Effects of imagery, critical thinking, and asthma education on symptoms and mood state in adult asthma patients: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):57-68.

Friday PJ, Kubal WS. Magnetic resonance imaging: improved patient tolerance utilizing medical hypnosis. Am J Clin Hypn, 1990 Oct;33(2):80-84.

Grime PR. Computerized cognitive behavioural therapy at work: a randomized controlled trial in employees with recent stress-related absenteeism. Occupational Medicine (Lond). 2004 Aug; 54 (5):353-9.

Galovski TE, Blanchard EB. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with hypnotherapy. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1998 Dec;23(4):219-32

Galper DI, Taylor AG, Cox DJ. Current status of mind-body interventions for vascular complications of diabetes. Fam Community Health. 2003 Jan-Mar;26(1):34-40.

Garcia Vera MP. Clinical utility of the combination of cognitive-behavioral techniques with nicotine patches as a smoking-cessation treatment: five-year results of the "Ex-Moker" program. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2004 Dec;27(4):325-33.

Gattuso SM, Litt MD, and Fitzgerald TE. Coping with gastrointestinal endoscopy: Self-efficacy enhancement and coping style. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1992 60:133-139.

Gay MC, Philippot P, Luminet O. Differential effectiveness of psychological interventions for reducing osteoarthritis pain: a comparison of Erikson hypnosis and Jacobson relaxation. Eur J Pain. 2002 6(1):1-16.

Gentz BA. Alternative therapies for the management of pain in labor and delivery. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Dec;44(4):704-32.

Ginandes C. Brooks P, Sando W, Jones C, Aker J. Can medical hypnosis accelerate post-surgical wound healing? Results of a clinical trial. Am J Clin Hypn. 2003 Apr;45(4):333-51.

Girman A, Lee R, Kligler B. An integrative medicine approach to premenstrual syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003 May;188(5):S56-65.

Gitnick GL, Cooksey K. (2000) Freedom from Digestive Distress. New York: Three Rivers Press. pp. 21-25.

Given C, Given B, Rahbar M, Jeon S, McCorkle R, Cimprich B, Galecki A, Kozachik S, Brady A, Fisher-Malloy M, Courtney K, Bowie E. Effect of a cognitive behavioral intervention on reducing symptom severity during chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Feb 1;22(3):507-16.

Gluck ME, Geliebter A, Lorence M. Cortisol stress response is positively correlated with central obesity in obese women with binge eating disorder (BED) before and after cognitive-behavioral treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004; Dec;1032:202-7.

Golay A, Buclin S, Ybarra J, Toti F, Pichard C, Picco N, de Tonnac N, Allaz AF. New interdisciplinary cognitive-behavioural-nutritional approach to obesity treatment: a 5-year follow-up study. Eat Weight Disord. 2004;Mar;9(1):29-34.

Gold SR, Jarvinen, PJ, Teague, RG. Imagery elaboration and clarity in modifying college students’ depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology.1982; 38(2): 312-314.

Goldbeck L, Schmid K. Effectiveness of autogenic relaxation training on children and adolescents with behavioral and emotional problems. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003 Sep;42(9):1046-54.

Goldenberg DL, Burckhardt C, Crofford L. Management of fibromyalgia syndrome. JAMA. 2004 Nov 17;292(19):2388-95.

Gonsalkorale WM, Miller V, Afzal A, Whorwell PJ. Long term benefits of hypnotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome. Gut. 2003 Nov; 52 (11): 1623-9.

Gonsalkorale WM, Toner BB, Whorwell PJ. Cognitive change in patients undergoing hypnotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 2004 Mar;56(3):271-8.

Gonsalkorale WM, Whorwell PJ.Hypnotherapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2005 Jan; 17 (1):15-20.

Goodale IL, Domar AD, Benson H. Alleviation of premenstrual syndrome symptoms with the relaxation response. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1990 Apr; 75 (4): 649-55.

Goossens ME, Vlaeyen JW, Hidding A, Kole-Snijders A, Evers SM. Treatment expectancy affects the outcome of cognitive-behavioral interventions in chronic pain. Clin J Pain. 2005 Jan-Feb;21(1):18-26; discussion 69-72.

Gould SS, Tissler DM. The use of hypnosis in the treatment of herpes simplex II. Am J Clin Hypn. 1984 26:171–4.

Greer S, Moorey S, Baruch JD, Watson M, Robertson BM, Mason A, Rowden L, Law MG, Bliss JM. Adjuvant psychological therapy for patients with cancer: a prospective randomised trial. BMJ. 1992 Mar 14;304(6828):675-80.

Grilo CM, Masheb RM. A randomized controlled comparison of guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral weight loss for binge eating disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2005; Nov;43(11):1509-25.

Groer M, Ohnesorge C. Menstrual-cycle lengthening and reduction in premenstrual distress through guided imagery. J Holist Nurs, 1993 Sep;11(3):286-94.

Gross CR, Kreitzer MJ, Russas V, Treesak C, Frazier PA, Hertz MI. Mindfulness meditation to reduce symptoms after organ transplant: a pilot study. Adv Mind Body Med. 2004 Summer;20(2):20-9.

Guthrie E, Creed F, Dawson D, Tomenson B. A randomised controlled trial of psychotherapy in patients with refractory irritable bowel syndrome. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1993 Sep, 163:315-21.

Haanen HC, Hoenderdos HT, van Romunde LK, Hop WC, Mallee C, Terwiel JP, Hekster GB. Controlled Trial of Hypnotherapy in the Treatment of Refractory Fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol. 1991 Jan;18(1): 72-5.

Hackman RM, Stern JS, Gershwin ME. Hypnosis and asthma: a critical review. Journal of Asthma. 2000; Feb 37(1): 1–15.

Hadhazy VA, Ezzo J, Creamer P, Berman BM. Mind-body Therapies for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review. J Rheumatol. 2000 Dec;27(12):2922-8.

Hagopian GA. The effects of informational audiotapes on knowledge and self-care behaviors of patients undergoing radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum.1996 May;23(4):697-700.

Halpin LS, Speir AM, CapoBianco P, Barnett SD. Guided imagery in cardiac surgery. Outcsomes Manag. 2002 Jul-Sep; 6(3):132-7.

Hamel WJ. The effects of music intervention on anxiety in the patient waiting for cardiac catheterization. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2001 Oct;17(5):279-85.

Hammond A. Rehabilitation in rheumatoid arthritis: a critical review. Musculoskeletal Care. 2004 Aug;2(3):135-51.

Hanley J, Stirling P, Brown C. Randomised controlled trial of therapeutic massage in the management of stress. Br J Gen Pract. 2003 Jan;53(486):20-5.

Harikumar R, Raj M, Paul A, Harish K, Kumar SK, Sandesh K, Asharaf S, Thomas V.Listening to music decreases need for sedative medication during colonoscopy: a randomized, controlled trial. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan-Feb;25(1):3-5.

Harmon TM, Hynan MT, Tyre TE. Improved obstetric outcomes using hypnotic analgesia and skill mastery combined with childbirth education. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 58:525-30.

Harvey RF, Hinton RA, Gunary RM, Barry RE. Individual and group hypnotherapy in treatment of refractory irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet. 1989 Feb 25;1(8635):424-5.

Harvey AG, Payne S. The management of unwanted pre-sleep thoughts in insomnia: distraction with imagery versus general distraction. Behav Res Ther. 2002 Mar;40(3): 267-77.

Hattan J, King L, Griffiths P. The impact of foot massage and guided relaxation following cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2002 Jan;37 (2):199-207.

Helge TD. A Comparison of Three Audio Guided Imagery Tapes on the Self Efficacy of Cancer Chemotherapy Patients. Doctoral Dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology, Alameda, California. 1999.

Hensel MR, Cavanagh T, Lanier AP, Gleason T, Bouwens B, Tanttila H, Reimer A, Dinwiddie RL, Hayes JC. Quit rates at one year follow-up of Alaska Native Medical Center Tobacco Cessation Program. Alaska Med. 1995 Apr-Jun;37(2):43-7.

Hermes D, Truebger D, Hakim SG, Sieg P. Tape recorded hypnosis in oral and maxillofacial surgery--basics and first clinical experience. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2005 Apr;33(2):123-9. Epub 2005 Jan 26.

Hermes D, Gerdes V, Trubger D, Hakim SG, Sieg P. [Evaluation of intraoperative standardized hypnosis with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory] [Article in German] Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2004 Mar;8(2):111-7. Epub 2004 Feb 6.

Herrmann JM. Essential hypertension and stress. When do yoga, psychotherapy and autogenic training help? [Article in German] MMW Fortschr Med. 2002 May 9;144(19):38-41.

Hidderley M, Holt M. A pilot randomized trial assessing the effects of autogenic training in early stage cancer patients in relation to psychological status and immune system responses. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004 Mar;8(1):61-5.

Holden-Lund C. Effects of relaxation with guided imagery on surgical stress and wound healing. Research in Nursing and Health. 1988 11 Aug. 235-244.

Hollon SD, DeRubeis RJ, Shelton RC, Amsterdam JD, Salomon RM, O'Reardon JP, Lovett ML, Young PR, Haman KL, Freeman BB, Gallop R. Prevention of relapse following cognitive therapy vs medications in moderate to severe depression. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005 Apr; 62 (4):417-22.

Holroyd KA, O'Donnell FJ, Stensland M, Lipchik GL, Cordingley GE, Carlson BW. Management of chronic tension-type headache with tricyclic antidepressant medication, stress management therapy, and their combination: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001 May 2;285(17):2208-15.

Houghton LA, Calvert EL, Jackson NA, Cooper P, Whorwell PJ. Visceral sensation and emotion: a study using hypnosis. Gut. 2002 Nov;51(5):701-4.

Huang CL. Evaluating the program of a smoking cessation support group for adult smokers: a longitudinal pilot study. J Nurs Res. 2005 Sep;13(3):197-205.

Hunter MS, Ussher JM, Browne SJ, Cariss M, Jelley R, Katz M. A randomized comparison of psychological (cognitive behavior therapy), medical (fluoxetine) and combined treatment for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 2002 Sep;23(3):193-9.

Hussain Z, Quigley EM. Systematic review: Complementary and alternative medicine in the irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 23(4):465-71.

[no authors listed] Hypnosis for asthma—a controlled trial: a report to the Research Committee of the British Tuberculosis Association. Br Med J. 1968;4:71-76.

Ilacqua GE. Migraine headaches: coping efficacy of guided imagery training. Headache. 1994 Feb;34(2):99-102.

Ironson G, Taylor CB, Boltwood M. Bartzokis T, Dennis C, Chesney M, Spitzer S, Segall GM. Effects of anger on left ventricular ejection fraction in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1993 70:281-285.

Irwin MR, Cole JC, Nicassio PM.Comparative meta-analysis of behavioral interventions for insomnia and their efficacy in middle-aged adults and in older adults 55+ years of age. Health Psychol. 2006 Jan;25(1):3-14.

Jacobs GD, Rosenberg PA, Friedman R, Matheson J, Peavy GM, Domar AD, Benson H. Multifactor behavioral treatment of chronic sleep-onset insomnia using stimulus control and the relaxation response. A preliminary study. Behav Modif. 1993 Oct; 17(4): 498-509.

Jacknow DS, Tschann JM, Link MP, Boyce WT. Hypnosis in the prevention of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children: a prospective study. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1994 Aug; 15 (4): 258-64.

Jackson JL, O'Malley PG, Kroenke K. Antidepressants and cognitive-behavioral therapy for symptom syndromes. CNS Spectr. 2006 Mar;11(3):212-22.

Jacobsen PB, Meade CD, Stein KD, Chirikos TN, Small BJ, Ruckdeschel JC. Efficacy and costs of two forms of stress management training for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Jun 15;20(12):2851-62.

Jansson M, Linton SJ. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy as an early intervention for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. J Occup Rehabil. 2005 Jun;15(2):177-90.

Jarvinen PJ, Gold SR. Imagery as an aid in reducing depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1983; 37(3):523-529.

Jelalian E, Mehlenbeck R, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Birmaher V, Wing RR. 'Adventure therapy' combined with cognitive-behavioral treatment for overweight adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006; Jan;30(1):31-9.

Jensen IB, Bergstrom G, Ljungquist T, Bodin L. A 3-year follow-up of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for back and neck pain. Pain. 2005 Jun;115(3):273-83. Epub 2005 Apr 19.

Johnson DL. Weight loss for women: studies of smokers and non-smokers using hypnosis and multicomponent treatments with and without overt aversion. Psychol Rep. 1997; Jun;80(3 Pt 1):931-3.

Johnson JE, Fieler VK, Wlasowicz GS, Mitchell ML, Jones LS. The effects of nursing care guided by self-regulation theory on coping with radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1997 Jul;24(6):1041-50.

Johnstone PA, Polston GR, Niemtzow RC, Martin PJ. Integration of acupuncture into the oncology clinic. Palliat Med. 2002 May;16(3):235-9.

Jones CW. Hypnosis and spinal fusion by Harrington instrumentation. Am. Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. 1979 19 155-57.

Jorm AF, Christensen H. Griffiths KM, Parslow RA, Rodgers B, Blewitt KA. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for anxiety disorders. Med J Aust. 2004 Oct 4;181(7 Suppl):S29-46.

Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L., Burney R. The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 1985 June; 8(2):163-90.

Kabat-Zinn J, Massion AO, Kristeller J, Peterson LG, Fletcher KE, Pbert L, Lenderking WR, Santorelli SF. Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Jul;149(7):936-43.

Kanji N, White AR, Ernst E. Autogenic training reduces anxiety after coronary angioplasty: a randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J. 2004 Mar;147(3):E10.

Kaplan KH, Goldenberg DL, Galvin-Nadeau M. The Impact of a Meditation-based Stress Reduction Program on Fibromyalgia. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1993 Sep;15(5): 284-9.

Kashikar-Zuck S, Swain NF, Jones BA, Graham TB. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral intervention for juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug;32(8):1594-602.

Kaushik R, Kaushik RM, Mahajan SK, Rajesh V. Biofeedback assisted diaphragmatic breathing and systematic relaxation versus propranolol in long term prophylaxis of migraine. Complement Ther Med. 2005 Sep;13(3):165-74.

Keefer L, Blanchard, EB. The effects of relaxation response meditation on the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: results of a controlled treatment study. Behav Res Ther. 2001 Jul;39(7):801-11.

Keefer L, Blanchard EB. A one year follow-up of relaxation response meditation as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. Behav Res Ther. 2002 May;40(5):541-6.

Kenardy JA, Dow MG, Johnston DW, Newman MG, Thomson A, Taylor CB.A comparison of delivery methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder: an international multicenter trial. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psycholy. 2003 Dec;71 (6):1068-75.

Kenardy J, Robinson S, Dob R. Cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder: long-term follow-up. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. 2005; 34 (2):75-8.

Kendall PC, Southam-Gerow MA. Long-term follow-up of a cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety-disordered youth. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Aug;64(4):724-30.

Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Glaser R, Williger D, Stout J, Messick G, Sheppard S, Ricker D, Romisher SC, Briner W, Bonnell G, et al. Psychosocial enhancement of immunocompetence in a geriatric population. Health Psychol. 1985 4(1):25-41.

Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Malarkey WB, Chee M, Newton T, Cacioppo JT, May HY, Glaser R. Negative behavior during marital conflict and immunological down-regulation. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1993 55: 395-409.

Kim SD, Kim HS. Effects of a relaxation breathing exercise on anxiety, depression, and leukocyte in hemopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. Cancer Nurs. 2005 Jan-Feb;28(1):79-83.

Kirsch I. Hypnotic enhancement of cognitive-behavioral weight loss treatment – another meta-re-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996; June;64(3):517-9.

Klager R. [Smoking cessation. With hypnosis success in over 90%] [Article in German] MMW Fortschr Med. 2004 May 13;146(20):16.

Klaus L, Beniaminovitz A, Choi L, Greenfield F, Whitworth GC, Oz, MC, Mancini DM. Pilot Study of Guided Imagery Use in Severe Heart Failure. Am J Cardiology; 86(1): 101-4 2000.

Klein GL, Ziering RW, Girsh LS, Miller MF. The allergic irritability syndrome: four case reports and a position statement from the Neuroallergy Committee of the American College of Allergy. Ann Allergy. 1985 Jul;55(1):22-4.

Klements EM. Monitoring peak flow rates as a health-promoting behavior in managing and improving asthma. Clin Excell Nurse Pract. 2001 May;5(3):147-51.

Klinger E, Bouchard S, Legeron P, Roy S, Lauer F, Chemin I, Nugues P.Virtual reality therapy versus cognitive behavior therapy for social phobia: a preliminary controlled study. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2005 Feb;8(1):76-88.

Koehn KA, Burnette MM, Stark CJ. Applied relaxation training in the treatment of genital herpes. Behav Ther Exp Psychiatr. 1993 Dec;24(4):331-41.

Kohen DP. Applying hypnosis in a preschool family asthma education program: uses of storytelling, imagery and relaxation. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. 1997 39(3): 169-81.

Kohen DP, Olness KN, Colwell SO, Heimel A. The use of relaxation-mental imagery (self-hypnosis) in the management of 505 pediatric behavioral encounters. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1984 Feb;5(1):21-5.

Kohen DP, Wynne E. Applying hypnosis in a preschool family asthma education program: uses of storytelling, imagery, and relaxation. Am J Clin Hypn. 1997 Jan;39(3):169-81.

Kolcaba K, Fox C. The effects of guided imagery on comfort of women with early stage breast cancer undergoing radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1999 Jan-Feb;26(1):67-72.

Kreitzer MJ, Gross CR, Ye X, Russas V, Treesak C. Longitudinal impact of mindfulness meditation on illness burden in solid-organ transplant recipients. Prog Transplant. 2005 Jun;15(2):166-72.

Kroener-Herwig B, Denecke H. Cognitive-behavioral therapy of pediatric headache: are there differences in efficacy between a therapist-administered group training and a self-help format? J Psychosom Res. 2002 Dec;53(6):1107-14.

Kshettry VR, Carole LF, Henly SJ, Sendelbach S, Kummer B. Complementary alternative medical therapies for heart surgery patients: feasibility, safety, and impact. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006 Jan;81(1):201-5.

Kwekkeboom KL, Gretarsdottir E. Systematic review of relaxation interventions for pain. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2006;38(3):269-77.

Labarthe D, Ayala C. Nondrug interventions in hypertension prevention and control. Cardiol Clin. 2002 May;20(2):249-63.

Lacks, Patricica. (1987). Behavioral Treatment for Persistent Insomnia. New York: Pergamon Books.

Lam DH, Watkins ER, Hayward P, Bright J, Wright K, Kerr N, Parr-Davis G, Sham P. A randomized controlled study of cognitive therapy for relapse prevention for bipolar affective disorder: outcome of the first year. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;60(2):145-52.

Lambert S. The Effects of Hypnosis/Guided Imagery on the Postoperative Course of Children. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 1996 17 (5) 307-310.

Lambert SA. Distraction, Imagery and Hypnosis. Techniques for Management of Children’s Pain. J Child Fam Nurs. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1) :5-15.

Lang EV, Benotsch EG, Fick LJ, Lutgendorf S, Berbaum ML, Berbaum KS, Logan H, Spiegel D. Adjunctive non-pharmacological analgesia for invasive medical procedures: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2000 355:1486-1490.

Lang EV, Hamilton D. Anodyne imagery: an alternative to i.v. sedation in interventional radiology. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 May;162(5):1221-6.

Lang EV, Joyce JS, Spiegel D, Hamilton D, Lee KK. Self-hypnotic relaxation during interventional radiological procedures: effects on pain perception and intravenous drug use. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1996 Apr;44(2):106-19.

Langewitz W, Izakovic J, Wyler J, Schindler C, Kiss A, Bircher AJ. Effect of self-hypnosis on hay fever symptoms - a randomised controlled intervention study. Psychother Psychosom. 2005 74(3):165-72.

Larsson, B, Varisson J, Fichtel A, Melin L. Relaxation treatment of adolescent headache sufferers: results from a school-based replication series. Headache. 2005 June: 45(6)692-704.

Laurion S, Fetzer SJ. The effect of two nursing interventions on the postoperative outcomes of gynecological laparoscopic patients. J of Perianesthesia Nursing. 2003 Aug;18(4)254-61.

Law M, Tang JL. An analysis of the effectiveness of interventions intended to help people stop smoking. Arch Intern Med. 1995 Oct 9;155(18):1933-41.

Leahy A, Clayman C, Mason I, Lloyd G, Epstein O. Computerized biofeedback games: a new method for teaching stress management and its use in irritable bowel syndrome. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1997 Nov-Dec;32(6) :552-6.

Leao ER, da Silva MJ. [Music and chronic muscular-skeletal pain: the evocative potential of mental images] [Article in Portuguese] Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2004 Mar-Apr;12(2):235-41. Epub 2004 May 19.

Lee DW, Chan KW, Poon CM, Ko CW, Chan KH, Sin KS, Sze TS, Chan AC. Relaxation music decreases the dose of patient-controlled sedation during colonoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002 Jan;55(1):33-6.

Lehrer P, Feldman J, Giardino N, Song H, Schmaling K. Psychological aspects of asthma. Journal of Consulting and Psychology. 2002 70(3):691-711.\ Lehrer PM, Vaschillo E, Vaschillo B, Lu SE, Scardella A, Siddique M, Habib RH. Biofeedback treatment for asthma. Chest. 2004 Aug; 126 (2):352-61.

Leja AM. Using guided imagery to combat postsurgical depression. J Gerontol Nurs 1989 Apr;15(4):7-11.

Lenz G, Demal U. Quality of life in depression and anxiety disorders: an exploratory follow-up study after intensive inpatient cognitive behaviour therapy. Psychopathology. 2000 Nov-Dec;33(6):297-302.

Lerman C, Rimer B, Blumberg B, Cristinzio S, Engstrom PF, MacElwee N, O'Connor K, Seay J. Effects of coping style and relaxation on cancer chemotherapy side effects and emotional responses. Cancer Nurs. 1990 Oct;13(5):308-15.

Levitan AA. The use of hypnosis with cancer patients. Psychiatr Medicine.1992 10(1):119-31.

Lewandowski WA. Patterning of pain and power with guided imagery. Nursing Science Quarterly. 2004 Jul; 17(3):233-41.

Lewandowski W, Good M, Draucker CB. Changes in the meaning of pain with the use of guided imagery. Pain Management in Nursing. 2005 Jun; 6 (2):58-67.

Lewith GT, Watkins AD. Unconventional therapies in asthma: an overview. Allergy. 1996 Nov, 51(11):761-9.

Linden DE. How psychotherapy changes the brain—the contribution of functional neuroimaging. Mol Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;11(6):528-38.

Linden W, Stossel C, Maurice J. Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Apr 8;156(7):745-52.

Linton SJ, Andersson T. Can chronic disability be prevented? A randomized trial of cognitive-behavior intervention and two forms of information for patients with spinal pain. Spine. 2002 Nov 1; 25(21): 2825-31.

Liossi C, Hatira P. Clinical hypnosis versus cognitive behavioral training for pain management with pediatric cancer patients undergoing bone marrow aspirations. Int J Clin xp Hypn. 1999 Apr;47(2):104-16.

Longo DJ, Clum GA, Yaeger NJ. Psychosocial treatment for recurrent genital herpes. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 56:61–6.

Lorig K, Mazonson P, Holman HR. Evidence suggesting that health education for self-management in patients with chronic arthritis has sustained health benefits while reducing health care costs. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1993 36(4r):439-46.

Lorig K, Selzenick M, Lubeck D, Ung E, Chastain RL, Holman HR. The beneficial outcomes of the arthritis self-management course are inadequately explained by behavior change. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1989 31(1):91-95.

Lorig KR, Sobel DS, Stewart AL, Brown Jr BW, Ritter PL, Gonzalez VM, Laurent DD, Holman HR. Evidence suggesting that a chronic disease self-management program can improve health status while reducing utilization and costs: A randomized trial. Medical Care, 1999 37(1): 5-14.

Louie SW. The effects of guided imagery relaxation in people with COPD. Occup Ther Int. 2004 11(3):145-59

Lucas ON. The use of hypnosis in hemophilia dental care. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Jan 20;240:263-6.

Ludwick-Rosenthal R, Neufeld RW. Preparation for undergoing an invasive medical procedure: interacting effects of information and coping style. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993 Feb;61(1):156-64.

Luebbert K, Dahme B, Hasenbring M. The effectiveness of relaxation training in reducing treatment-related symptoms and improving emotional adjustment in acute non-surgical cancer treatment: a meta-analytical review. Psychooncology. 2001 Nov-Dec;10(6):490-502.

Lukins R, Davan IG, Drummond PD. A cognitive behavioural approach to preventing anxiety during magnetic resonance imaging. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1997 Jun;28(2):97-104.

Lutgendorf SK, Antoni MH, Ironson G, Klimas N, Kumar M, Starr K, McCabe P, Cleven K, Fletcher MA, Schneiderman N. Cognitive-behavioral stress management decreases dysphoric mood and herpes simplex virus-type 2 antibody titers in symptomatic HIV-seropositive gay men. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997 Feb;65(1):31-43.

Lynch DF Jr. Empowering the patient: hypnosis in the management of cancer, surgical disease and chronic pain. Am J Clin Hypn. 1999 Oct;42(2):122-30.

Patel A, Schieble T, Davidson M, Tran MC, Schoenberg C, Delphin E, Bennett H. Distraction with a hand-held video game reduces pediatric preoperative anxiety. Paediatr Anaesth. 2006 Oct;16(10):1019-27.

delivered through immersive virtual reality for burn pain: A clinical case series. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. 2006 Apr; 54 (2):130-42.

Madrid A, Rostel G, Pennington D, Murphy D. Subjective assessment of allergy relief following group hypnosis and self-hypnosis: a preliminary study. Am J Clin Hypn. 1995 Oct;38(2):80-6.

Maguire BI. The effects of imagery on attitudes and moods in multiple sclerosis patients. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 1996; 2(5):75-79.

Maher-Loughna GP, Macdonald N, Mason AA, Fry L. Controlled trial of hypnosis in the symptomatic treatment of asthma. British Medical Journal. 1962 (2): 371-76.

Mamtani R, Cimino A. A primer of complementary and alternative medicine and its relevance in the treatment of mental health problems. Psychiatr Q. 2002 Winter;73(4): 367-81.

Mandle CL, Jacobs SC, Arcari PM, Domar AD. The efficacy of relaxation response interventions with adult patients: a review of the literature [see comments]. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 1996 Apr, 10(3):4-26.

Mannix LK, Chandurkar RS, Rybicki LA, Tusek DL, Solomon GD. Effect of guided imagery on quality of life for patients with chronic tension-type headache. 1999 Headache. May;39(5):326-34.

Manyande A, Berg S, Gettins D, Stanford SC, Mazhero S, Marks DF, Salmon P. Preoperative rehearsal of active coping imagery influences subjective and hormonal responses to abdominal surgery. Psychosom Med. 1995 Mar-Apr;57(2):177-82.

March J, Silva S, Petrycki S, Curry J, Wells K, Fairbank J, Burns B, Domino M, McNulty S, Vitiello B, Severe J; Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) Team. Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004 Aug 18;292 (7): 807-20.

Marchioro G, Azzarello G, Viviani F, Barbato F, Pavanetto M, Rosetti F, Pappagallo GL, Vinante O. Hypnosis in the treatment of anticipatory nausea and vomiting in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Oncology. 2000 Aug; 59 (2): 100-4.

Marks R. Efficacy theory and its utility in arthritis rehabilitation: review and recommendations. Disabil Rehabil. 2001 May 10;23(7):271-280.

Martin, AA, Schauble PG, Rai SH, Curry RW Jr. The Effects of Hypnosis on the Labor Processes and Birth Outcomes of Pregnant Adolescents. The Journal of Family Practice. 2001 May Vol. 50, No. 5.

Materson R. The stress-pain relationship. The Pain Practitioner. 1999 Winter 9(4).

Mathew RJ, Ho BT, Kralik P, Weinman M, Claghorn JL. Anxiety and platelet MAO levels after relaxation training. Am J Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;138(3):371-3.

McCaffrey R, Taylor N. Effective anxiety treatment prior to diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Holist Nurs Pract. 2005 Mar-Apr;19(2):70-3. Review.

McClusky HY, Milby JB, Switzer PK, Williams V, Wooten V. Efficacy of behavioral versus triazolam treatment in persistent sleep-onset insomnia. Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Jan; 148(1): 121-6.

McDonald-Haile J, Bradley LA, Bailey MA, Schan CA, Richter JE. Relaxation training reduces symptom reports and acid exposure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology. 1994 Jul;107(1):61-9.

McGinnis RA, McGrady A, Cox SA, Grower-Dowling KA. Biofeedback-assisted relaxation in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005 Sep; vol. 28 (9):2145-9.

McGrady A, Gerstenmaier L. Effect of biofeedback assisted relaxation training on blood glucose levels in a type I insulin dependent diabetic. A case report. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1990 Mar;21(1):69-75.

McGrady A, Horner J. Role of mood in outcome of biofeedback assisted relaxation therapy in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1999 Mar;24(1):79-88.

McKinney CH, Antoni MH, Kumar M, Tims FC, McCabe PM. Effects of guided imagery and music (GIM) therapy on mood and cortisol in healthy adults. Health Psychol. 1997 Jul;16(4):390-400.

Mehl LE. Hypnosis and conversion of the breech to the vertex presentation. Arch Fam Med. 1994 3:881-87.

Mehling WE, Hamel KA, Acree M, Byl N, Hecht FM. Randomized, controlled trial of breath therapy for patients with chronic low-back pain. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;11(4):44-52.

Mellin LM, Slinkard LA, Irwin CE Jr. Adolescent obesity intervention: validation of the SHAPEDOWN program. J Am Diet Assoc. 1987 Mar;87(3):333-338.

Menzies V, Taylor AG, Bourguignon C. Effects of guided imagery on outcomes of pain, functional status, and self-efficacy in persons diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2006 Jan-Feb; 12 (1): pg 23-30.

Meurisse M, Faymonville ME, Joris J, Nguyen Dang D, Defechereux T, Hamoir E. Endocrine surgery by hypnosis. From fiction to daily clinical application. Service de Chirurgie des Glandes Endocrines et Transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege, Belgique. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 1996 57(6):494-501

Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Mulry RP, Tofler GH, Jacobs SC, Friedman R, Benson H, Muller JE. Triggering of acute myocardial infarction onset by episodes of anger. Circulation. 1995 92:1720-1725.

Molassiotis A, Yung HP, Yam BM, Chan FY, Mok TS. The effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation training in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in Chinese breast cancer patients: a randomised controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2002 Apr;10(3):237-46. Epub 2001 Dec 18.

Montgomery P, Dennis J. Cochrane. Cognitive-behavioural interventions for sleep problems in adults aged 60+. Database Syst Rev. 2003 (1):CD003161.

Montgomery GH, Weltz CR, Seltz M, Bovbjerg DH. Brief presurgery hypnosis reduces distress and pain in excisional breast biopsy patients. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2002 Jan;50(1):17-32.

Moore LE, Wiesner SL. Hypnotically-induced vasodilation in the Treatment of Repetitive Strain Injuries. Am Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. 1996 Oct;39(2) :97-104.

Morin CM, Colecchi C, Stone J, Sood R, Brink D. Behavioral and pharmacological therapies for late-life insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1999 Mar 17;281(11):991-9.

Morin CM, Mimeault, V, Gagne, AJ. Nonpharmacological treatment of late-life insomnia. Psychosom Res. 1999 Feb;46(2): 103-16.

Morin CM, Blais F, Savard J. Are changes in beliefs and attitudes about sleep related to sleep improvements in the treatment of insomnia? Behav Res Ther. 2002 Jul;40(7): 741-52.

Morris CR, Bowen L, Morris AJ. Integrative therapy for fibromyalgia: possible strategies for an individualized treatment program. South Med J. 2005 Feb;98(2):177-84.

Morrison JB. Chronic asthma and improvement with relaxation induced by hypnotherapy. J R Soc Med. 1988;81:701-704.

Morrow GR, Morrell C. Behavioral treatment for the anticipatory nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. NEJM, 1982 307; 1476-80.

Moseley GL. Graded motor imagery is effective for long-standing complex regional pain syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. Pain. 2004 Mar;108(1-2):192-8.

Mullen PD, Laville E, Biddle AK, Lorig K. Efficacy of psycho-educational interventions on pain, depression and disability with arthritic adults: a meta-analysis. J of Rheumatology. 198714(15):33-39.

Mundy EA, DuHamel KN, Montgomery GH. The efficacy of behavioral interventions for cancer treatment-related side effects. Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2003 Oct;8(4):253-75.

Nakao M, Fricchione G, Myers P, Zuttermeister PC, Baim M, Mandle CL, Medich C, Wells-Federman CL, Martin Arcari P, Ennis M, Barsky AJ, Benson H. Anxiety is a good indicator for somatic symptom reduction through behavioral medicine intervention in a mind/body medicine clinic. Psychother Psychosom. 2001 Jan-Feb;70(1):50-7.

Nakao M, Yano E, Nomura S, Kuboki T. Blood pressure-lowering effects of biofeedback treatment in hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertens Res. 2003 Jan;26(1):37-46.

Newell S, Sanson-Fisher RW, Giris A, Bonaventura A. How well do medical oncologists' perceptions reflect their patients' reported physical and psychosocial problems? Data from a survey of five oncologists. Cancer. 1998 83(8):1640-51.

O-Connor-Von S. Preparing children for surgery – an integrative research review. AORN Journal. 2000 71(2) 334-43.

Olness K. Imagery (self-hypnosis) as adjunct therapy in childhood cancer. Am. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology. 1981 3 (3) 313-320.

Olness K, MacDonald JT, Uden DL. Comparison of self-hypnosis and propranolol in the treatment of juvenile classic migraine. Pediatrics. 1987 Apr;79(4):593-7.

Osteki RW, van Tulder MW, Vlaeyen JW, Linton SJ, Morley SJ, Assendelft WJ. Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 25;(1):CD002014.

Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Brown SE, Gould KL, Merritt TA, Sparler S, Armstrong WT, Ports TA, Kirkeeide RL, Hogeboom C, Brand RJ. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAM. 1998 Dec 16;280(23):2001-7.

Ornish D. (1998) Love & Survival: The Scientific Basis for the Healing Power of Intimacy. New York, NY: HarperCollins.

Ornish D. Avoiding revascularization with lifestyle changes: The Multicenter Lifestyle Demonstration Project. Am J Cardio. 1998 82:72T-76T.

Oster MI. Psychological preparation for labor and delivery using hypnosis. Am JClin Hypnosis. 1994 37:12-21.

Orth-Gomer K, Wamala SP, Horsten M, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Shneiderman N, Mittleman MA. Marital stress worsens prognosis in women with coronary heart disease: The Stockholm Female Coronary Risk Study. JAMA. 2000 Dec 20; 284 (23): pp. 3008-3014.

Otto MW, Smits JA, Reese HE. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2004 65 Suppl 5:34-41.

Oz MC, Lemole EJ, Oz LL, Whitworth, GC, Lemole GM. Treating CHD with Cardiac Surgery Combined with Complementary Therapy. Medscape Women’s Health. 1996 Oct;1(10):7.

Pallesen S, Nordhus IH, Kvale G, Nielson GH, Havik OE, Johnsen BH, Skjotskift S. Behavioral treatment of insomnia in older adults: an open clinical trial comparing twi interventions. Behav Res Ther.